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Here are all the summaries from the Lekarsky obzor journal for citations. Full journal will be available in a few months.
Miroslav KILIAN, Lukáš BUČKA, Pavel ŠIMKOVIC: Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of tibia by intramedullary reaming and extended lasting active intramedullary drainage
SUMMARY
We present a retrospective review of a case series of patients with tibial fracture and development of chronic tibial osteomyelitis. A total of 7 patients (five male and two female), with a mean age of 50.7 ± 20.2 (22 – 82) years were treated using an intramedullary reaming and active intramedullary drainage. Of these seven patients, five patients sustained an open fracture, and all underwent several surgeries associated with the injury. Six fractures healed and one led to the formation of hypertrophic infected nonunion. According to the Cierny–Mader classification system, there was one patient classified as type 1A, two as type 3A, one as type 1B, two as type 3B and one as type 4A. Positive cultures were obtained from six patient. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in four patients, in one case was isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Intravenous antibiotics were served for a mean of 6.57 ± 2.07 (4 – 10) days. Average follow-up was 104.1 ± 68.5 (15 – 191) months. All seven patients, in the final follow-up, had no sign of recurrence.
Key words: tibial fracture, chronic tibial osteomyelitis, Staphylococcus aureus, intravenous antibiotics.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 2019, 68(1): 3 – 9
Karolína STUCHLÍKOVÁ, Hana PADYŠÁKOVÁ, Dušan SYSEL, Eliška KUBÍKOVÁ: Issues of psychological stress in nurses providing nursing care
SUMMARY
Background. The survey highlights individual factors of psychological stress in an occupational group of general nurses with the impact on their subjective experience of mental stress in the work process.
Objectives. The main objective was to determine the level of subjective assessment of mental stress in general nurses at nursing units in healthcare facilities. The results were compared with the reference values of a standardized Meister questionnaire by which the level of mental workload is evaluated in compliance with the applicable legislation of the Czech Republic. The results were compared with the reference population.
Methods. To collect and obtain data in the survey, there was used a standardized Meister questionnaire for evaluation of mental workload. Data were processed by using Microsoft Excel 2013. When evaluating the Meister questionnaire, we followed the methodical procedure according to the guidelines and published results. We distributed 180 questionnaires to general nurses who provide nursing care in the Czech Republic.
Participants. The survey included 157 respondents - general nurses who have had at least one year's experience in nursing. All respondents were working full-time in continuous operation. The age of respondents ranged from 22 to 30 years.
Design. The survey was conducted at acute, standard and chronic wards in medical facilities from May 2016 to October 2016. The survey involved a targeted respondent sample. It was a group of general nurses who provide nursing care in the Czech Republic.
Results. Analysis of the results shows that our sample (n = 157) reached critical values in the following items: time pressure, high responsibility, fatigue and weariness after a few hours of work. Exceeding of critical values also occurred in the item of long-term capacity with the same performance. The studied group evaluated its work positively in the following items: low job satisfaction, mind-numbing work, problems and conflicts, monotony, nervousness, and supersaturation. In our focus group, the greatest difference to the Meister norms was reached in a more positive assessment of problems and conflicts at the workplace and a sense of monotony. Comparison of the median in item 7 "my work is mentally so demanding that after a few hours I feel nervous and tremulous" and in item 8 "I find the work so off-putting that I would rather do something else" shows more favourable values compared to the Meister values. The studied group of our survey pointed to degree 1 of subjective mental strain in general nurses.
Conclusion. It was demonstrated that the greatest part of high mental stress in general nurses is attributable to work overload, time pressure, fatigue, high personal responsibility, and long-term capacity in the work process.
Key words: Meister questionnaire, monotony, overload, mental stress, general nurse.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 2019, 68 (1): 10 – 17.
Zuzana Varchulová Nováková, Stanislav ŽIARAN, Ľuboš Danišovič: Molecular – genetic analysis of bladder cancer with emphasis on precise diagnostics
SUMMARY
At present, cancer belongs to the most severe diseases and therefore the scientific activities focused on this field are crucial. Despite of the fact, that management of the cancer diseases is the point of extreme interest as well as many funds are needed, the results are often unsatisfactory. The goal of many scientific teams is to search for the new diagnostic and therapeutical methods. The hope is put in new molecular biomarkers that could provide better and more sensitive diagnostics as well as influence the choice of the suitable therapeutical method. In this study, we focused on a brief description of the potential molecular markers in bladder cancer in the context of precise diagnostics.
Key words: p53, GATA3, FOXA1, apoptosis, cell cycle.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 2019, 68(1): 18 – 22
Róbert BABEĽA, Ľubica HLINKOVÁ, Róbert MAMRILLA, Zuzana SRNCOVÁ, Zuzana BALÁŽOVÁ: Pharmaceutical innovations in cancer treatment and multiple myeloma: Is it only about the price?
SUMMARY
Innovations in healthcare are key essence of ongoing evolution and improvement. lnnovative healthcare technologies, strategies and services offer the potential to save, improve and extend the lives of millions of people diagnosed with most of the diseases. Decisions about pharmaceutical innovations should be in line with the societal objectives of maximizing health, but within budgetary limits and should meet unmet medical needs. The impacts of innovation in healthcare influence three kind of outcomes: better health status, longevity and reduction of costs. Among the most discussed innovation area within healthcare is area of cancer treatment. To further improve outcomes of the patients, we would need to look for new approaches to both cancer policies and care delivery alongside continuous innovation in cancer research, diagnosis and treatment. For example, the area of multiple myeloma has dramatically improved with approval of several new pharmaceutical innovations, especially within last ten years. As the result, people with multiple myeloma are living longer, healthier lives than ever before with less symptoms and side effects. Thanks to new innovations survival rates in multiple myeloma have increased four times faster compared to all other cancer diagnosis and ten times faster compared to breast cancer within 2009 and 2011. Pharmaceutical innovation needs continual support and stimuli. Our country together with our partners within European Union should aim for creation of sustainable research and development environment to maximize probability to have valuable pharmaceutical innovations under the mutual beneficial conditions reimbursed and available for the patients.
Key words: pharmaceutical innovation, cancer, costs, multiple myeloma.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 2019, 68(1): 23 – 26
Anna GVOZDJÁKOVÁ, Jarmila KUCHARSKÁ, Zuzana RAUSOVÁ, Zuzana SUMBALOVÁ, Anežka CHLÁDEKOVÁ, Viliam MOJTO: Present and perspective of the mitochondrial medicine
SUMMARY
Mitochondrial medicine provides current knowledge about the physiology of mitochondria, mitochondrial diseases, the diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases and their targeted therapy.
The perspective of Mitochondrial medicine offers a new non-invasive methodology for detecting mitochondrial bioenergy disorders in isolated platelets of patients with various types of diseases. The perspective of targeted mitochondrial therapy is focused on mitochondrial transplantation - therapeutic intervention, in which the mitochondria are replaced by healthy exogenous mitochondria.
Key words: mitochondrial medicine, mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial transplantation, mitochondrial replacement therapy.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 2019, 68 (1): 27 – 30
Marcela KUNIAKOVÁ, Zuzana VARCHULOVÁ NOVÁKOVÁ, Radoslav ZAMBORSKÝ, Matúš KUNIAK, Ľuboš DANIŠOVIČ: Biological treatment of degenerative diseases of intervertebral disc
SUMMARY
Intervertebral disc is a complex architectural and functional structure. The causes of IVD degeneration are multifactorial with large impact of genetic and environmental factors. Current treatments mainly focus on alleviating symptoms rather than degeneration itself. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine can help us to create a new IVD by combining different methods of cell and molecular therapy along with new biomaterials, or by supporting endogenous disk repair. This review article presents current knowledge on IVD degeneration and regeneration strategies.
Key words: intervertebral discs, degenerative disease, biological therapy, cell therapy, tissue engineering.
Lek Obzor (Med Horizon), 67, 2018, č. 12, s. 31 – 37
