SUMMARY
Introduction: According to worldwide estimates, Slovakia is classed as a country with a medium-high incidence of prostate cancer. Current predictions indicate that in the near future prostate cancer will become the most frequent cancer among males in Slovakia.

Aims: The aims of the study presented in this paper were to analyse trends in the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in Slovakia and compare these trends with those in other countries and regions of the world, predict epidemiological indicators of prostate cancer in Slovakia, and provide relevant and updated data for the purposes of further analyses and evaluation of the impacts of interventions.
Material and Methods: National data were analysed for the period 1968–2012. Trends in prostate cancer incidence and mortality were extracted using the joinpoint regression model and are presented with corresponding 95% CI and p values. Predictions of incidence and prevalence were calculated for the years 2018.
Results: A significant increase in standardized incidence was observed in Slovakia (from 14.5/100,000 in 1980 to 50.1/100,000 in 2012), representing as much as a 6.7% annual percentage change in recent years. The mortality values showed a slower rate of increase, from 9.4/100,000 in 1980 to 13.3/100,000 in 2009, while national mortality of prostate cancer decreased in recent years with a 3,32% annual percentage change. These facts have made prostate cancer the most prevalent malignant tumor in males in Slovakia.
Conclusion: In Slovakia, the current national data do not show a peak and subsequent decrease in the incidence values as is the case in some countries practicing screening of this disease. Recent national data suggest a favorable trend in the development of mortality.
Key words: prostate cancer, incidence, mortality, prevalence, clinical stages.
Lek Obz, 2021, 70 (9): 257-263

Martina ONDRUŠOVÁ 1, Martin SUCHANSKÝ 1, Martin CHORVÁTH 2,3, Zuzana PIŇÁKOVÁ 2,3, Dalibor ONDRUŠ 2

1 Pharm-In, spol. s.r.o., Bratislava
2 I. onkologická klinika LF UK a Onkologického ústavu sv. Alžbety, Bratislava, prednosta prof. MUDr D. Ondruš, DrSc.
3 Klinika radiačnej onkológie OÚSA a SZU, Bratislava, prednosta MUDr. M. Chorváth,  PhD, MPH

Cite:
ONDRUŠOVÁ M., SUCHANSKÝ M., CHORVÁTH M., PIŇÁKOVÁ Z., ONDRUŠ D.: Prostate cancer epidemiology and etiology. Lek Obz, 2021, 70 (9): 257-263